QUESTION:

What do the scholars of the Dīn and muftīs of the Sacred Law state regarding the following issue: If someone misses their Jum’ah, then what should said person do? Someone told me that whosoever misses their Jum’ah, then it is imperative for them to spend something equivalent to two dirhams or the amount of wājib sadaqah.

Questioner: Yusuf from India

ANSWER:

بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
الجواب بعون الملک الوھاب اللھم ھدایۃ الحق والصواب

Giving a dīnār or half a dīnār as sadaqah [charity] has been encouraged in Hadīth with regards to the one who left Jum’ah without a valid reason. However, doing so is not wājib or incumbent upon the person, rather it is mustahabb, in order for repentance to be accepted, and it removes the sin of missing Jum’ah, because sadaqah helps in repentance being accepted. Just as it has been mentioned in Hadīth and Imām Abū Dāwūd & Ibn Mājah have narrated from Samurah bin Jundub, may Allāh ﷻ be pleased with him, that the Holy Prophet ﷺ stated that,

مَنْ تَرَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ فَلْيَتَصَدَّقْ بِدِينَارٍ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَبِنِصْفِ دِينَارٍ

“Whosoever misses Jum’ah without any [valid] excuse, he may give a dīnār in charity, and if he cannot afford that, then give half a dīnār.“

[Sunan Abī Dāwūd, vol 1, pg 393, Hadīth no 1053]

Mullā ‘Alī al-Qārī writes in its commentary in Mirqāh al-Mafātīh that,

الْأَمْرُ لِلنَّدْبِ لِدَفْعِ إِثْمِ التَّرْكِ

“The ruling of giving a dīnār or half a dīnār as sadaqah is from the perspective of it being mustahabb in order to wipe the sin of missing Jum’ah.”

[Mirqāh al-Mafātīh, vol 3, pg 1024]

Furthermore, Sadrush Sharī’ah Muftī Amjad Alī Āzhamī, may Allāh ﷻ have mercy upon him, states in Bahār-e-Sharī’at that donating this dīnār is perhaps so that repentance is accepted, because, in reality, repentance is actually fard.

Therefore, giving a dīnār or half a dīnār is mustahabb for the one who misses Jum’ah without a valid reason; not wājib. Alongside this, repentance is fard, and it is essential that he vows to stop because this is a pillar of repentance, as there have been very severe consequences mentioned in Hadīth regarding the one who misses Jum’ah without a valid reason.

Just as Imām Muslim narrates from Sayyidunā Abū Hurayrah & Ibn ‘Umar and Imām Nasā’ī & Ibn Mājah from Sayyidunā Ibn ‘Abbās & Ibn ‘Umar, may Allāh ﷻ be pleased with them all, that the Noble Messenger ﷺ states that, “People must refrain from neglecting the Jum’ah salāh, or [otherwise] Allāh ﷻ will seal their hearts; then they will become amongst the negligent.”

[Sahīh Muslim, pg 430, Hadīth no 865]

It is also narrated by Sayyidunā Ibn Mas’ūd, may Allāh ﷻ be pleased with him, in Sahīh Muslim Sharīf that the Noble Prophet ﷺ states that, “I intend that I should command a person to lead people in prayer, and then burn those people who are absent from Jum’ah prayer in their homes.”

[Sahīh Muslim, pg 327, Hadīth no 652]

واللہ تعالی اعلم ورسولہ اعلم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم
کتبہ ابو الحسن محمد قاسم ضیاء قادری

Answered by Mufti Qasim Zia al-Qadri
Translated by Haider Ali

Read the original Urdu answer here: [Q-ID0593] Do I have to give sadaqah if I miss the Jummah prayer?

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